Creeping perennials, on the other hand, can reproduce by creeping roots and also through seed production. Simple perennials spread primarily by seed they cannot spread vegetatively from underground roots. These plants are classified as simple or creeping perennials.

Perennials are plants that produce vegetative structures that allow them to live for three or more years. This vernalization promotes normal development of flowering and seed production during the summer of the second year. During winter, the shoot tips are exposed to cold temperatures for a period of time. Winter annuals germinate in the late summer to early fall, produce vegetative growth, flower and produce seed in mid- to late spring, and die off in the summer.īiennials are plants that live for two years seeds germinate in the spring, summer or fall of the first year and the plants overwinter usually as a rosette of leaves. Summer annuals germinate from seed in the spring, produce vegetative growth, set flower and produce fruit mid- to late summer, and die back in the fall. Annual plants live for one growing season and are often referred to as either summer annuals or winter annuals. The stems of sedges, in cross-section, are usually triangular.Ī second, relatively simple method of weed classification is by the categories of annuals, biennials or perennials. In cross section, the stems in grasses are usually round or somewhat flattened. Grasses have bladed leaves that are parallel veined and this veination extends onto the sheath. Grasses and sedges are monocots their seedlings produce only one cotyledon (sometimes referred to as the coleoptile in grasses). Leaf veination is netlike or has a branched appearance. Broadleaf plants generally have wider leaves than grass plants and the stems are often branched. Broadleaf weeds often are referred to as dicots the seedlings produce two cotyledons (seed leaves) that are evident as the plant emerges through the soil surface. Weeds can be classified into one of three different categories: broadleaves, grasses or sedges. This handbook is intended for use as a companion piece to better understand the plant part terminology used in less complicated identification guides. While more difficult W to use, a detailed key or guide allows for the precise identification of weeds. However, some plant taxonomy keys can be quite complex and require an advanced understanding of plant structure and taxonomic terminology. Frequently, simple plant keys or “picture book” identification guides are used to identify weeds.

Weed identification is necessary to the success of any weed control program.

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